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Micro Piles |
Pressure Grouting |
Rock Anchors |
Permeation Grouting
Soil Nailing |
Compaction Grouting |
Micropiles |
Injection Grouting |
Chemical Grouting
Our
techniques apply when adding new structures:
especially
rock anchor,
microfine cement,
soil nailing,
micropile
installations for
foundation support.
We
specialize in
slope stabilization,
anchors,
permeation grouting,
foundation repair
and support,
grouting,
soil nails,
rock drilling,
micropile installations, and
sinkholes. We
use a
problem-solving approach geotechnical
architecture of buildings, bridges,
water plants, sewage plants, tunnels,
sinkholes,
caisson,
shoring,
underpinning,
agriculture, and
roads
construction. We
are experienced in these applications:
micro piles,
sinkhole repair,
permeation grouting, pressure
grout,
soil nails,
chemical grouting,
micropiles,
compaction grout, and
rock anchors.
Our specialties are
rock anchor,
acrylamide and
compaction grouting,
mini piles,
sinkhole repair,
micropiles,
acrylamide grouting, and
soil nailing.
We will continue to dedicate ourselves to
excellence,
including
insurance mortgage, in our performance, in our
integrity, and in our relationships with our
customers. We will carefully weigh our
decisions, actions, and results to make sure
that we remain the most trusted name in the
geotechnical contracting industry. Please
visit our website
http://www.rembco.com/.
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4
CHAPTER
JULY
1997
4-1
Footing
Foundations
General
Footing foundations transmit design loads into the underlying soil mass through direct
contact with the soil immediately beneath the footing, in contrast to pile-supported founda-
tions which transmit design loads into the adjacent soil mass through pile friction, end
bearing, or both.
Since the load bearing capacity of most soils is quite low, about 2 to 5 Tons per Square Foot
(TSF), footing areas will be large in relation to the cross section of the supported member,
particularly when the supported member is a column.
Each individual footing foundation must be sized so that the maximum soil bearing
pressure does not exceed the allowable soil bearing capacity of the underlying soil mass. In
addition, footing settlement must not exceed tolerable limits established for differential and
total settlement. Each footing foundation must also be structurally capable of spreading
design loads laterally over the entire footing area.
Types
Footing foundations can be classified into two general categories: (1) footings that support
a single structural member, frequently referred to as “spread footings”, and (2) footings
that support two or more structural members, referred to as “combined footings.”
Although not a separate category, seismic retrofits of pre-1973 spread footings are now quite
common. Designs of spread footing seismic retrofits typically include adding a top mat of
rebar so that any seismic uplift force, which would produce tension in the top of the footing,
can be resisted. In some cases footing dimensions are increased and/or perimeter piles