Foundation Specifications 0180

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Slurry Displacement Piles

During construction, do not permit the use of drilling slurries or chemical additives for

which a MSDS has not been submitted.

Because of the nature of slurry displacement construction, visual inspection of the drilled

shaft is not possible for much of the time. Most of the drilling and concrete placement is

done “in the blind”. As a result, the contract specifications for this work, which were revised

in 1994, are quite stringent in an attempt to minimize the risks and to ensure that the pile

has structural and geotechnical integrity. Some of the more critical requirements of the

contract specifications are discussed in the following sections.

Minimum Pile Diameter Requirements

Only piles 24 inches in diameter or greater may be constructed by the slurry displacement

method. This is because a pile with a lesser diameter may not contain enough room for the

rebar cage, inspection tubes, and the large concrete delivery tubes. If a contract specifies the

use of piles with a diameter of less than 24 inches, the Contractor may propose to increase

the diameter of the pile to at least 24 inches by the provisions described in Section 49-4.03

of the Standard Specifications if use of the slurry displacement method of construction is

desired. However, the diameter of the rebar cage would have to be increased from the

original size in order to accommodate the items mentioned above.

Pile Placing Plan Requirements

Before any pile construction work using the slurry displacement method can begin, the

Contractor shall submit a detailed placing plan to the Engineer for approval. The placing

plan is necessary to show that the Contractor has thought out what needs to be done during

the construction process, has a plan for addressing all aspects of the work, and can show

that the pile can be constructed in a timely manner. Because the contract specifications

state that the Contractor shall place the concrete for a single pile within a two hour period,

the Contractor must be able to show that the equipment, including concrete pumps and

delivery tubes, will be adequate to meet this requirement. The Contractor must also show

that the delivery rate from the concrete supplier will be adequate to meet this requirement.

The intent of this specification is to limit the amount of time in which suspended materials

can settle out of the drilling slurry during concrete placement and to make sure the