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    SECTION 02520

    PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVING

   PART 1 GENERAL

    1.1 SECTION INCLUDES

    A. Concrete [sidewalks,] [stair steps,] [integral curbs,] [gutters,] [median barriers,] [parking areas,] [and] [roads].

    B. Aggregate base course.

    1.2 RELATED SECTIONS

    A. Section 02211 - Rough Grading: Preparation of site for paving [and base].

    B. Section 02223 - Backfilling: Compacted subbase for paving.

    C. Section [02231 - Aggregate Base Course] [______-____________]: [________] base course.

    D. Section 02510 - Asphaltic Concrete Paving: Asphalt [wearing course] [curbs].

    E. Section [______-____________]: Unit pavers.

    F. Section 02607 - Manholes and Covers: [Manholes] [Drains] [and] [________] including frames.

    G. Section 02853 - Parking Bumpers: [Precast concrete] [Timber] [________] parking bumpers.

    H. Section 02923 - Landscape Grading: Preparation of subsoil at pavement perimeter.

    I. Section 07900 - Sealants: Sealant for joints.

    J. Section 09900 - Painting: Pavement markings.

    K. Section [______-____________]: Snow melting system.

    L. Section 15855 - Heating Cable and Mat.

    M. Section [_____-__________]: Supply of gutter drainage grilles and frames for placement by this section.

    1.3 UNIT PRICE - MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

    A. Concrete Pavement Mix (Base): By the cubic [yard] [________] ([meter]). Includes mix design, supplying to site, testing.

    B. Concrete Pavement Mix (Wearing Course): By the cubic [yard] [________] ([meter]). Includes mix design, supplying to site, testing.

    C. Concrete Placed: By the square [yd] [____] ([meter] [____]) per inch (25 mm) thickness. Includes preparing base, placing, floating and finishing, testing.

    1.4 REFERENCES

    A. ACI 301 - Specifications for Structural Concrete for Buildings.

    B. ACI 304 - Recommended Practice for Measuring, Mixing, Transporting and Placing Concrete.

    C. ASTM A185 - Welded Steel Wire Fabric for Concrete Reinforcement.

    D. ASTM A497 - Welded Deformed Steel Wire Fabric for Concrete Reinforcement.

    E. ASTM A615 - Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel for Concrete Reinforcement.

    F. ASTM C33 - Concrete Aggregates.

    G. ASTM C94 - Ready Mix Concrete.

    H. ASTM C150 - Portland Cement

    I. ASTM C260 - Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete.

    J. ASTM C309 - Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete.

    K. ASTM C494 - Chemical Admixtures for Concrete.

    L. ASTM D1751 - Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction.

    M. ASTM D1752 - Preformed Sponge Rubber and Cork Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction.

    1.5 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

    A. Paving: Designed for [parking.] [light duty commercial vehicles.] [residential streets.] [main street arteries.] [movement of trucks up to 30,000 lbs (13 600 kg).] [movement of trucks up to 60,000 lbs (27 200 kg).] [________.]

    1.6 SUBMITTALS FOR REVIEW

    A. Section 01300 - Submittals: Procedures for submittals.

    B. Product Data: Provide data on [joint filler] [admixtures] [curing compounds].

    C. Samples: Submit [two] [_______] sample panels, [____x____] inch ([____x____] mm) in size illustrating exposed aggregate finish.

    1.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE

    A. Perform work in accordance with [ACI 301.] [requirements of Sections [03100, 03200 and 03300].] [[State] [Municipality] of [________] [Highways] [Public Work's] standard.] [________.]

    B. Obtain cementitious materials from same source throughout.

    1.8 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

    A. Conform to [applicable] [___________] standards for paving work on [public] [________] property.

    1.9 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

    A. Do not place concrete when base surface temperature is less than [40] [____] degrees F ([4] [____] degrees C), or surface is wet or frozen.

   PART 2 PRODUCTS

    2.1 FORM MATERIALS

    A. Form Materials: [Conform to ACI 301.] [As specified in Section [03100] [________].]

    ****** [OR] ******

    A. [Wood] [Steel] form material, profiled to suit conditions.

    B. Joint Filler: ASTM [D1751] [D1752] [____] type; [____] inch ([____] mm) thick, manufactured by [________].

    2.2 REINFORCEMENT

    A. Reinforcing Steel and Wire Fabric: Type specified in Section [03200.] [________.]

    ****** [OR] ******

    A. Reinforcing Steel: ASTM A615; [40] [____] ksi ([276] [____] MPa) yield grade; deformed billet steel bars; [unfinished] [galvanized] [epoxy coated] [________] finish.

    B. Welded Steel Wire Fabric: [Plain type, ASTM A185] [Deformed type, A497]; in [flat sheets] [coiled rolls]; [unfinished] [galvanized] finish.

    C. Dowels: ASTM A615; 40 ksi (276 MPa) yield grade, plain steel, [unfinished] [galvanized] finish.

    2.3 CONCRETE MATERIALS

    A. Concrete Materials: [As specified in Section [03300] [________].] [Provide in accordance with [State] [Municipality] of [________] [Highways] [Public Work's] standards.]

    ****** [OR] ******

    A. Cement: ASTM C150 [Normal - Type I] [Air Entraining - Type IA] [Air Entraining - Type IIA] [Air Entraining - Type IIIA] [Sulfate Resistant - Type V] Portland type, [grey] [buff] [white] color.

    B. Fine and Coarse Mix Aggregates: ASTM C33.

    C. Exposed Aggregate: [Quartz] [Marble] [Limestone] [Gravel] [________] washed natural mineral aggregate, [____] inch ([____] mm) minimum and [____] inch ([____] mm) maximum size, [________] color, from [a single source] [[________] source].

    D. Water: Potable, not detrimental to concrete.

    E. Air Entrainment: ASTM C260.

    D. Chemical Admixture: ASTM C494, [Type A - Water Reducing.] [Type B - Retarding.] [Type C - Accelerating.] [Type D - Water Reducing and Retarding.] [Type E - Water Reducing and Accelerating.] [Type F - Water Reducing, High Range Admixtures.] [Type G - Water Reducing, High Range, and Retarding Admixtures.]

    2.4 ACCESSORIES

    A. Curing Compound: ASTM C309, Type [1] [1D] [2], Class [A] [B]; [________] manufactured by [________].

    B. Liquid Surface Sealer: [________] manufactured by [________].

    C. Surface Retarder: [________] type, [________] color as selected from manufacturer's standard range; [________] manufactured by [________________].

    D. Joint Sealers: Specified in Section [07900.] [________.]

    2.5 CONCRETE MIX - BY PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

    A. Mix and deliver concrete in accordance with ASTM C94, Alternative No. [2] [3].

    ****** [OR] ******

    A Mix concrete in accordance with [ACI 304] [________]. Deliver concrete in accordance with ASTM [C94] [________].

    B. Select proportions for normal weight concrete in accordance with ACI 301 [Method 1.] [Method 2.] [Method 3.]

    C. Provide concrete to the following criteria:

    1. Compressive Strength: [________] psi ([________] MPa) @ 7 days.

    2. Compressive Strength: [________] psi ([________] MPa) @ 28 days.

    3. Slump: [____] to [____] inches ([____] to [____] mm).

    4. [Minimum Water/Cement Ratio: [________].]

    5. Air Entrained: [____] percent.

    D. Use accelerating admixtures in cold weather only when approved by Architect/Engineer. Use of admixtures will not relax cold weather placement requirements.

    E. Use calcium chloride only when approved by Architect/Engineer.

    F. Use set retarding admixtures during hot weather only when approved by Architect/Engineer.

    ****** [OR] ******

    2.5 CONCRETE MIX - BY PRESCRIPTIVE CRITERIA

    A. Mix and deliver concrete in accordance with ASTM C94, Alternative No. 1.

    ****** [OR] ******

    A. Mix concrete in accordance with [ACI 304] [________]. Deliver concrete in accordance with ASTM [C94] [________].

    B. Provide concrete to the following mix design:

    Unit Measurement

    Compressive Strength (7 day) [____] psi ([____] MPa)

    Compressive Strength (28 day) [____] psi ([____] MPa)

    Coarse Aggregate [____] percent by volume

    Fine Aggregate [____] percent by volume

    Water/cement ratio (maximum) [____] by weight (mass)

    Aggregate Size (maximum) [____] inch ([____] mm)

    Aggregate Size (minimum) [____] inch ([____] mm)

    Admixture [____] type

    Admixture [____] type

    Slump - Plus or minus 1 inch (50 mm) [____] inches ([____] mm)

    Air Entrained [____] percent

    C. Use accelerating admixtures in cold weather only when approved by Architect/Engineer. Use of admixtures will not relax cold weather placement requirements.

    D. Use calcium chloride only when approved by Architect/Engineer.

    E. Use set retarding admixtures during hot weather only when approved by Architect/Engineer.

    2.6 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL AND TESTS

    A. Section [01400 - Quality Control:] [01410 - Testing Laboratory Services:] Provide mix design for ...

    B. Submit proposed mix design [of each class of concrete] to appointed firm for review prior to commencement of work.

    C. Tests on cement and aggregates will be performed to ensure conformance with specified requirements.

    D. Test samples in accordance with [ACI 301.] [________.]

   PART 3 EXECUTION

    3.1 EXAMINATION

    A. Verify base conditions under provisions of Section [01039.] [________.]

    B. Verify compacted [subgrade] [granular base] [stabilized soil] [________] is acceptable and ready to support paving and imposed loads.

    C. Verify gradients and elevations of base are correct.

    3.2 SUBBASE

    A. [Section 02231 - Aggregate Base Course forms the base construction for work of this Section.]

    ****** [OR] ******

    A. Prepare subbase in accordance with [[State] [Municipality] of [________] [Highways] [Public Work's] standards.] [________.]

    3.3 PREPARATION

    A. Moisten base to minimize absorption of water from fresh concrete.

    B. Coat surfaces of [manhole] [catch basin] [________] frames with oil to prevent bond with concrete pavement.

    C. Notify Architect/Engineer minimum 24 hours prior to commencement of concreting operations.

    3.4 FORMING

    A. Place and secure forms to correct location, dimension, profile, and gradient.

    B. Assemble formwork to permit easy stripping and dismantling without damaging concrete.

    C. Place joint filler vertical in position, in straight lines. Secure to formwork during concrete placement.

    3.5 REINFORCEMENT

    A. Place reinforcement at [top] [bottom] [mid-height] [top and bottom] of slabs-on-grade.

    ****** [OR] ******

    B. Place reinforcement as indicated.

    C. Interrupt reinforcement at [contraction] [expansion] joints.

    D. Place [dowels] [reinforcement] to achieve pavement and curb alignment as detailed.

    E. Provide doweled joints [____] inch ([____] mm) oc at [transverse joints] [interruptions of concrete] [with one end of dowel set in capped sleeve to allow longitudinal movement.] [________.]

    3.6 PLACING CONCRETE

    A. Coordinate installation of snow melting components.

    B. Place concrete [in accordance with ACI 301.] [as specified in Section [03300] [________].]

    ****** [OR] ******

    B. Place concrete in accordance with [[State] [Municipality] of [________] [Highways] [Public Work's] standards.] [________.]

    ****** [OR] ******

    C. Place concrete using the slip form technique.

    D. Ensure reinforcement, inserts, embedded parts, formed joints and [________] are not disturbed during concrete placement.

    E. Place concrete continuously over the full width of the panel and between predetermined construction joints. [Do not break or interrupt successive pours such that cold joints occur.]

    F. Place concrete to [________] pattern [indicated].

    3.7 JOINTS

    A. Place [expansion] [contraction] joints at [20] [____] foot ([6] [____] m) intervals. Align curb, gutter, and sidewalk joints.

    B. Place joint filler between paving components and building or other appurtenances. [Recess top of filler [1/4 [____] inch ([6] [____] mm) for [________] sealant placement by Section 07900].

    C. Provide [scored] [sawn] joints [at [3] [____] feet ([1] [____] m) intervals] [between sidewalks and curbs,] [between curbs and pavement,] [and] [________.]

    D. Provide keyed joints as indicated.

    ****** [OR] ******

    E. Saw cut contraction joints [3/16] [____] inch ([5] [____] mm) wide at an optimum time after finishing. Cut 1/3 into depth of slab.

    3.8 EXPOSED AGGREGATE

    A. Wash exposed aggregate surface with [clean water and scrub with stiff bristle brush] [acid etch solution] exposing aggregate [to match sample panel].

    ****** [OR] ******

    A. Sand blast concrete surfaces to achieve aggregate exposure of [____] percent of unit aggregate surface [to match sample panel].

    ****** [OR] ******

    A. Include broadcast spreading of aggregate into plastic concrete.

    3.9 FINISHING

    A. [Area] [________] Paving: [Light broom.] [Wood float.] [Exposed aggregate.] [________.]

    B. Sidewalk Paving: [Light broom, radius to [____] inch ([____] mm) radius, and trowel joint edges.] [Wood float.] [Exposed aggregate.] [________.]

    C. Median Barrier: [Light broom, radius to [____] inch ([____] mm) radius, and trowel joint edges.] [Wood float.] [Exposed aggregate.] [________.]

    D. Curbs and Gutters: [Light broom.] [________.]

    E. Direction of Texturing: [Parallel to pavement direction.] [Transverse to pavement direction.] [________.]

    F. Inclined Vehicular Ramps: [Broomed perpendicular to slope.] [V-jointed perpendicular to slope.] [Herringbone V-jointed.] [________.]

    G. Place [curing compound] [sealer] on exposed concrete surfaces immediately after finishing. Apply in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

    3.10 JOINT SEALING

    A. Separate pavement from vertical surfaces with [____] inch ([____] mm) thick joint filler.

    B. Place joint filler in pavement pattern placement sequence. Set top to required elevations. Secure to resist movement by wet concrete.

    C. Extend joint filler from bottom of pavement to within [1/2] [1/4] [1/8] [____] inch ([13] [6] [3] [____] mm) of finished surface. Conform to Section [07900] [________] for finish joint sealer requirements.

    3.11 TOLERANCES

    A. Section 01400 - Quality Assurance: Tolerances.

    B. Maximum Variation of Surface Flatness: [1/4] [1/2] [____] inch ([6] [13] [____] mm) in [10] [____] ft ([3] [____] m).

    C. Maximum Variation From True Position: [1/4] [1/2] [____] inch ([6] [13] [____] mm).

    3.12 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

    A. Section 01400 - Quality Assurance: Field [inspection] [and] [testing].

    B. Testing firm will take cylinders and perform slump [and air entrainment] tests in accordance with ACI 301.

    ****** [OR] ******

    B. Three concrete test cylinders will be taken for every [75] [100] [____] or less cu yds ([57] [75] [____] or less cu m) [of each class] of concrete placed each day.

    C. One additional test cylinder will be taken during cold weather and cured on site under same conditions as concrete it represents.

    D. One slump test will be taken for each set of test cylinders taken.

    E. Maintain records of placed concrete items. Record date, location of pour, quantity, air temperature, and test samples taken.

    3.13 PROTECTION

    A. Immediately after placement, protect pavement from premature drying, excessive hot or cold temperatures, and mechanical injury.

    B. Do not permit [pedestrian] [vehicular] traffic over pavement [for [7] [____] days minimum after finishing.] [until [75] [____] percent design strength of concrete has been achieved.]

    3.14 SCHEDULES

    A. Concrete Sidewalks and Median Barrier: 3,000 psi 28 day concrete, 4 inches thick, buff color Portland cement, exposed aggregate finish.

    B. Parking Area Pavement: 4,000 psi 28 day concrete, 5 inches thick, 6/6 - 6 x 6 inch mesh reinforcement, wood float finish.

   END OF SECTION