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    SECTION 02575

    PAVEMENT REPAIR

   PART 1 - GENERAL

   1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK

   Provide the necessary plant, labor, materials and equipment to restore and maintain the various streets and driveway surfaces of all type, shoulders, pavement and driveway bases, curbs, curb and gutter, and sidewalks disturbed, damaged or demolished during the performance of the work.

   1.02 APPLICABLE SPECIFICATIONS

   A. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

   B. Tennessee Department of Transportation, Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction (TDOT).

   1.03 APPLICABLE REFERENCE

   A. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).

   B. Metro Nashville, Department of Public Works Standard Specifications and Details.

   C. Metro Nashville, Department of Public Works Subdivision Regulations.

   1.04 PERMITS

   Before performing any work, secure the required excavation and temporary lane/road closure permits to work within Metro or State right-of-way.

   PART 2 - MATERIALS

   2.01 The quality of materials and workmanship used in the restoration of existing roadway pavements and driveways shall produce a surface equal to or better than the condition before the work began.

   2.02 The quality of materials and workmanship used in the restoration of driveways shall produce a like surface equal to or better than the condition before work began.

   2.03 Concrete shall be Class A air-entrained Portland cement type as specified in Section 02514. Flowable fill shall conform to TDOT Specifications - Section 204.-06.

   2.04 Mineral Aggregate Base: Class A, Grading D crushed stone (TDOT Specifications, Section 303, Subsection 903.05).

   2.05 Bituminous Prime coats: Emulsified Asphalt RS-2 AE-P (TDOT Specifications, Section 402, Subsections 904.02 and 904.03).

   2.06 Crushed Stone Chips: Size 6 or size 7 (TDOT Specifications, Subsection 903.14).

   2.07 Double Bituminous Surface: For both courses, Grade RS-2 (TDOT Specifications, Subsections 904.02 and 904.03).

   2.08 Asphaltic Concrete Binder: Grading B, BM, BM-2, or CW as directed by the Engineer (TDOT Specifications, Section 307).

   2.09 Bituminous Tack Coat: Grade SS-1 (TDOT Specifications, Section 403, Subsection 904.03).

   2.10 Asphaltic Concrete Surface: Grading D or E, as directed by the Engineer, (TDOT Specifications, Section 411).

   2.11 Quick Dry Traffic Marking Paint (White and Yellow), or Thermo-Plastic depending on existing markings and loops.

   PART 3 - EXECUTION - GENERAL NOTES

   3.01 Where trenches have been opened in any roadway or street that is a part of the State of Tennessee highway system, restore surfaces in accordance with the requirements of TDOT. All other restoration shall be done in accordance with the Metro Standards, these specifications, and the Construction Standards.

   3.02 Excavation in the pavement area shall require that pavement surface edges be saw-cut or cold plane milled to provide a straight and smooth edge.

   3.03 Upon completion of installation of utility or other work, placement of compacted backfill, mineral aggregate base, asphaltic concrete binder, and asphaltic concrete surface shall be placed as shown on Metro Public Works Standard Drawings.

   3.04 Upon completion of installation of utility or other work and a temporary patch is to be used, placement of compacted backfill or mineral aggregate base and temporary asphalt patch shall be placed until such time that the permanent repair will be constructed as shown on Metro Public Works Standard Drawings.

   3.05 In addition to this section, all pavement restoration for the various types of streets shall be in conformance with Construction Standards of the Metro Department of Public Works.

   3.06 Curb and gutter, sidewalks, and shoulders, shall be restored as required to match existing construction. Replace damaged sections with complete new sections. Patching will not be permitted.

   3.07 Restored sections and surfaces shall be maintained and warranted for period of one year following the date of acceptance.

   3.08 When manhole top or other utility casting requires adjustment to an elevation one inch or more above the existing pavement grade a temporary ramp shall be constructed by feathering bituminous concrete 360 degrees around the casting. A taper slope of not less than two feet per inch shall be used. Taper shall be removed prior to placement of bituminous concrete surface course.

   3.09 Full lane or roadway width milling and/or paving shall be required where successive or continuous excavations are planned so as not to "checkerboard" the restoration and to provide a smooth riding surface. The lengths of full width milling and/or paving shall be from manhole centerline to manhole centerline, or from the first excavation point to the last. If the excavation segment is within 300 feet of an intersection, the restoration limits shall be extended to the radius point of the intersection. If the segment is in a cul-de-sac, the full area of the cul-de-sac shall be restored. Where milling is required, the milling shall be performed after the asphaltic binder is placed.

   3.10 Asphaltic concrete surface courses shall not be placed for a minimum of 42 days after the trench binder is placed. However, due to seasonal limitations, or other factors deemed appropriate, the Engineer, in consultation with Metro Public Works, may grant variances to this requirement on a case by case basis.

   PART 4 - EXECUTION

   4.01 SUBGRADE

   A. Before any mineral aggregate base material is installed, compact the subgrade of the area to be paced to 95% of optimum density as determined by ASTM D 698 (Standard Proctor).

   B. The backfill material shall contain no topsoil or organic matter. For all areas where subgrade has been prepared, test for uniformity of support by driving a loaded dump truck at a speed of 2 to 3 mph over the entire surface. Make further improvements on all areas that show a deflection of 1 inch or more. When completed, the finished subgrade shall be hard, smooth, stable, and constructed in reasonably close conformance with the lines and grades that existed prior to the beginning of construction.

   4.02 MINERAL AGGREGATE BASE

   A. Install a mineral aggregate base of the type specified sections 4.2B and 4.2C in accordance with Section 303 of the TDOT Specifications. The maximum compacted thickness of any one layer shall be 6 inches, and the total thickness of the base shall be that indicated by the standard drawings shown in the Subdivision Regulations of the Department of Public Works.

   B. When a base course is compacted, cut back the surface course of the existing pavement a minimum of 1 foot beyond the limit of the joint between the old and new base course. Take special care to ensure good compaction of the new base course at the joint. Apply and compact the surface to conform to the existing pavement so that it will have no surface irregularity.

   C. Where flowable fill is required it shall conform to TDOT Specifications Section 204.06 Backfill material. Typical 28 day compressive strength shall be 100 to 500 psi depending on particular location as determined by the Engineer or his representative. Refer to Metro Public Works Standard Drawings for proper placement.

   4.03 SEAL COAT SURFACE

   Uniformly apply a bituminous prime coat of emulsified asphalt, Grade AE-P over the entire width of the area to be surfaced at a rate of 0.3 gallon per square yard. Immediately after application, uniformly cover the entire area with Size 7 crushed stone chips at a rate of 12 pounds per square yard.

   4.04 DOUBLE BITUMINOUS SURFACE

   A. Apply the first course at a rate of 0.38 to 0.42 gallon per square yard with either emulsified asphalt, Grade RS-2 and then immediately cover with Size 6 crushed stone chips at a rate of 33 to 37 pounds per square yard. After this is rolled, apply the second course at a rate of 0.30 to 0.35 gallons per square yard, and at once uniformly cover with Size 7 chips at a rate of 20 to 25 pounds per square yard. Then roll the entire area.

   B. After the application of the cover aggregate, lightly broom or otherwise maintain the surface for a period of 4 days, or as directed by the Engineer. Maintenance of the surface shall include the distribution of cover aggregate over the surface to absorb any free bitumen and cover any areas deficient in aggregate. Sweep excess material from the entire surface with rotary brooms. Sweep the surface at the time determined by the Engineer.

   4.05 ASPHALTIC CONCRETE BINDER

   A. Apply a bituminous prime coat of emulsified asphalt, Grade AE-P at a rate of 0.38 to 0.42 gallon per square yard. Take care to prevent the bituminous material's splashing on exposed faces of curbs and gutters, walls, walks, trees, etc.; if such splashing does occur, remove it immediately. After the prime coat has been properly cured, apply an asphaltic concrete binder to the thickness shown on the standard drawings in the Subdivision Regulations of the Department of Public Works, or in the contract drawings.

   B. Carefully place the material to avoid segregation of the mix. Broadcasting of the material will not be permitted. Remove any lumps that do not readily break down.

   C. If milling of the street is required, the thickness of the binder course as specified by the Engineer shall be maintained after milling.

   4.06 ASPHALTIC CONCRETE SURFACE

   If the asphaltic concrete surface is to be placed directly on the mineral aggregate base, place the bituminous prime coat as described above. If, however, the surface course is to be placed on a binder course, then apply a bituminous tack coat of the sort specified above under MATERIALS at a rate of 0.05 to 0.10 gallon per square yard. Take care to prevent splashing of the bituminous material on the exposed faces of curbs, gutters, walls, walks, trees, etc.; if such splashing does occur, the material shall be removed. After the prime or tack coat has been properly cured, apply the asphaltic concrete surface to the thickness shown on the drawings in the Subdivision Regulations of the Department of Public Works, or in the contract drawings. Apply the surface course as described above for the asphaltic concrete binder course, Sections 4.5B and 4.5C.

   4.07 SMOOTHNESS

   The finished surfaces shall conform to the lines and grades that existed prior to construction. No deviations, variations, or irregularities exceeding 1/4 inch in any direction when tested with 12 foot straightedge will be permitted in the finished work, nor will any depressions that will not drain properly. All defects shall be corrected.

   4.08 SAMPLING AND TESTING

   The Metro Public Works Department may require that tests be made on the completed elements of the pavement to ascertain the compacted thickness of the base and surface courses. If sections with deficient thickness are found, the full section for a reasonable distance on each side of the deficiency shall be refused. All such sections shall be removed and reinstalled. All test holes in connection with thickness tests shall be patched.

    END OF SECTION