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    SECTION 15052

    BURIED PIPING INSTALLATION

   PART 1.01 — GENERAL

   1.01 Description

   A. Scope:

   1. CONTRACTOR shall furnish all labor, materials, equipment and incidentals as shown, specified and required to install all buried piping, fittings, and specials.

   2. The Work includes, but is not limited to, the following:

   a. All types of buried piping unless specifically included under other Sections.

   b. Pipe beneath structures.

   c. Supports, restraint, and thrust blocks.

   d. Testing.

   e. Cleaning and disinfecting.

   f. Also included are installation of all jointing and gasketing materials, specials, couplings, harnessed and flanged adapters, sleeves, tie rods, and all other Work required to complete the piping installation.

   g. All valves, gates, appurtenances and specials shown, specified or required shall be incorporated into the piping systems. Valves, specials and appurtenances shall be as specified in other Division 15 Sections.

   B. Coordination: Review installation procedures under other Sections and coordinate with the Work that is related to this Section.

   C. Related Work Specified Elsewhere:

   1. Section 02200, Excavation and Backfill.

   2. Section 02223, Crushed Stone, Gravel and Clay Gravel.

   3. Section 02675, Disinfection of Water Storage System.

   4. Section 03300, Concrete.

   1.02 Quality Assurance

   A. Requirements of Regulatory Agencies:

   1. Comply with requirements of NFPA Standard No. 24 for "Outside Protection" where applicable to water pipe systems which are used for fire protection.

   2. Comply with applicable requirements of UL and other authorities having jurisdiction.

   B. Reference Standards: Comply with applicable provisions and recommendations of the following, except as otherwise shown or specified.

   1. AWWA C111 (ANSI A21.11), Rubber Gasket Joints for Cast-Iron and Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe and Fittings.

   2. AWWA C600, Installation of Gray and Ductile Cast-Iron Water Mains and Appurtenances.

   3. AWWA C651, Disinfecting Water Mains.

   4. AWWA C606, Grooved and Shouldered Type Joints.

   5. AWWA M9, Installation of Concrete Pipe.

   6. AWWA M23, PVC Piping.

   7. ASCE MOP No. 37, Design and Construction of Sanitary and Storm Sewers.

   8. Concrete Pipe Handbook, American Concrete Pipe Association.

   9. NFPA No. 24, Outside Protection.

   10. ASTM D2774, Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure Piping.

   1.03 Submittals

   A. Shop Drawings: Submit for approval the following:

   1. Size, class and other details of pipe to be used.

   2. Information on typical joint and harnessing details.

   3. Show details of blow-offs, access, specials and connections to existing pipes and structures.

   4. Laying schedules and detailed drawings in plan and profile for all piping, except as noted below.

   5. Schedules and drawings for buried piping less than 4 inches are required only if specifically requested by the ENGINEER.

   B. Tests: Submit description of proposed testing methods, procedures and apparatus. Submit copies of all test reports.

   C. Records Drawings: During progress of the Work, keep an up to date set of drawings showing field and Shop Drawing modifications. Submit cloth or mylar tracings at a scale satisfactory to the ENGINEER that show the actual in-place installation of all piping and equipment installed under this Section. The drawings shall show all piping on plans and in sections, with all reference dimensions and elevations required for complete record drawings of the piping systems. Two paper prints shall also be furnished. The tracings and prints shall be furnished not later than 30 days after Substantial Completion of the Work.

   1.04 Product Delivery, Storage and Handling

   A. Delivery, storage and handling of pipe, fittings and specials shall be in complete compliance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

   B. Handle all pipe, fittings and accessories carefully with approved handling devices. Do not drop or roll pipe off trucks. Do not otherwise drop, roll or skid pipe. Materials cracked, gouged, chipped, dented or otherwise damaged will not be approved.

   C. Store pipe and fittings on heavy wood blocking or platforms so they are not in contact with the ground.

   D. Pipe, fittings and specials shall be unloaded opposite to or as close to the place where they are to be laid as is practicable to avoid unnecessary handling. Interiors shall be kept completely free from dirt and foreign matter.

   PART 2 — PRODUCTS

   2.01 Materials

   A. Pipe materials are specified under each applicable pipe material Specification Section and designated in the Pipe Schedule.

   B. Pipe Marking:

   1. General:

   a. Each piece of pipe or fitting shall be clearly marked with a designation which shall conform with designations shown on the Shop Drawings.

   b. Class designation shall be cast or painted on each piece of pipe or fitting 4 inches in diameter and larger.

   c. Piping, smaller than 4-inch diameter shall be clearly marked by manufacturer as to material, type and rating.

   2. Underground Warning Tape:

   a. CONTRACTOR shall place an aluminum core, detectable warning tape approximately 12 to 18 inches below grade in all Plastic Pipe trenches.

   b. Raw water, settled water, or finished water plastic piping warning tape:

   (1) Message: "CAUTION-BURIED WATER LINE".

   (2) Size and Color: 3-inch wide blue background with black lettering.

   c. Sewer or drain and waste plastic piping warning tape:

   (1) Message: "CAUTION-BURIED SEWER LINE".

   (2) Size and Color: 3-inch wide green background with black lettering.

   d. Product and Manufacturer: Provide one of the following:

   (1) Terra Tape Sentry Line by Reef Industries, Inc.

   (2) Or equal.

   2.02 Buried Piping Schedule

   Conform to requirements of the piping schedule found in the drawings, unless otherwise directed by the ENGINEER.

   PART 3 — EXECUTION

   3.01 Installation

   A. General:

   1. Install piping as shown, specified and as recommended by the manufacturer.

   2. Request instructions from ENGINEER before proceeding if there is a conflict between the manufacturer's recommendations and the Drawings or Specifications.

   3. Pipe, fittings and accessories that are cracked, damaged or in poor condition or with damaged linings will be rejected.

   4. Minimum cover over piping shall be 3 feet unless otherwise shown or approved by ENGINEER.

   5. Earthwork required is in Division 2 of these specifications.

   B. Bedding Pipe:

   1. Select Bedding Material:

   a. Select granular material for bedding all pipe shall be a mixture of coarse concrete aggregate and coarse river-run sand. The mixture shall consist of two parts coarse-concrete aggregate conforming with ASTM Standard Specification C-33 to one part coarse sand. The bedding material shall be thoroughly blended by the CONTRACTOR to produce a well-graded uniform mixture prior to placement in the trench.

   b. Prior to blending, the coarse concrete aggregate shall conform with the gradation sizing Number 467 specified in Table 2 of ASTM Standard Specification C-33 as follows:

   GRADING REQUIREMENTS FOR COARSE AGGREGATE

    (ASTM C-33, TABLE 2, SIZE 467)

    SIEVE SIZE

    PERCENT

   PASSING BY WEIGHT

   1-½ Inch

   — — 100

   1 Inch

   95 — 100

   ½ Inch

   25 — 60

   Number 4

   0 — 10

   Number 8

   0 — 5

   c. The grading limits for fine aggregate shall be as follows:

    SIEVE SIZE

    PERCENT

   PASSING BY WEIGHT

   _ Inch

   -- — 100

   Number 4

   95 — 100

   Number 8

   80 — 100

   Number 16

   50 — 90

   Number 30

   30 — 70

   Number 50

   3 — 30

   Number 100

   0 — 5

   d. Select Backfill Material: Select material for backfilling pipe trenches shall be as specified in Section 02200.

   e. Installation: Promptly after the pipe is laid, all trenches and excavation shall be backfilled and compacted until it covers the pipe at least one foot. This backfill shall be brought up and tamped equally and thoroughly along each side of the pipe in such a manner as to avoid displacement of or damage to the pipe. The select bedding material shall be thoroughly compacted to a density at least equal to 95 percent of the maximum density determined by the Standard Proctor in accordance with ASTM D 698 Method C including Note 2.

   2. Class "C" Bedding: The pipe shall be bedded in compacted granular material placed on a flat trench bottom. The granular bedding shall have a minimum thickness of four inches under the barrel and shall extend one-sixteenth to one-sixth of the outside diameter up the pipe barrel at the sides.

   3. Class "B" Bedding: The pipe shall be bedded in compacted granular material placed on a flat trench bottom. The granular bedding shall have a minimum thickness of four inches under the barrel and shall extend to the spring line of the pipe.

   4. No piping shall be laid until ENGINEER approves the bedding condition.

   5. No pipe shall be brought into position until the preceding length has been bedded and secured in its final position.

   6. Concrete Encasement (Class A): Comply with applicable provisions of Section 03300.

   C. Laying Pipe:

   1. Comply with manufacturer's instructions and with AWWA C600, AWWA M9, AWWA M23 where applicable.

   2. Install all pipe accurately to line and grade shown unless otherwise approved by ENGINEER. Remove and relay pipes that are not laid correctly.

   3. Slope piping uniformly between elevations given.

   4. Ensure that water level in trench is at least 6 inches below bottom of pipe. Do not lay pipe in water. Maintain dry trench until jointing and backfilling are complete.

   5. Start laying pipe at lowest point and proceed towards the higher elevations, unless otherwise approved by ENGINEER.

   6. Place bell and spigot pipe so that bells face the direction of laying, unless otherwise approved by ENGINEER.

   7. Excavate around joints in bedding and lay pipe so that only the barrel receives bearing pressure from the trench bottom.

   8. Permissible deflections at joints shall not exceed 75 percent of the amount allowed by manufacturer.

   9. Take every precaution to ensure that no foreign material enters the piping prior to and during installation.

   10. All pipe and fittings shall be carefully examined for cracks, damage or other defects while suspended above the trench before installation. Defective materials shall be immediately removed from site.

   11. Interior of all pipe and fittings shall be inspected and all dirt, gravel, sand, debris or other foreign materials shall be completely removed from pipe interior before it is moved into the trench.

   12. Bell and spigot mating surfaces shall be thoroughly wire brushed and wiped clean and dry immediately before pipe is laid.

   13. Every time that pipe laying is not actively in progress the open ends of pipe shall be closed by a watertight plug.

   14. Field cutting pipe, where required, shall be made with a machine specially designed for cutting piping. Cuts shall be carefully done, without damage to pipe or lining, so as to leave a smooth end at right angles to the axis of pipe. Cut ends shall be tapered and sharp edges filed off smooth. Flame cutting will not be allowed.

   15. Blocking under piping shall be permitted only when accepted by ENGINEER for special conditions. Comply with requirements of AWWA C600 where permitted.

   16. Touch up protective coatings in a satisfactory manner prior to backfilling.

   17. All piping shall be inspected by the ENGINEER prior to any backfilling operations. CONTRACTOR shall notify the ENGINEER in advance of any backfilling operation.

   D. Jointing Pipe:

   1. General:

   a. Clean completely all jointing surfaces and adjacent areas immediately before making joint.

   b. Lubricate and adjust gaskets and "O"-rings as recommended by manufacturer.

   c. After "O"-rings are compressed and before pipe is brought fully home, each gasket shall be carefully checked for proper position around full circumference of the joint.

   d. Conform to AWWA C111 and to manufacturers recommendations pertaining to jointing pipe.

   2. Push-on Joints: Comply with AWWA C111 and to manufacturers recommendations pertaining to jointing pipe.

   3. Mechanical Joints:

   a. The plain end of pipe shall be centered and pushed into the bell and the gasket shall be firmly pressed evenly into the bell. The gland shall be slid to the bell for bolting. All bolts with oiled threads shall be alternately torque tightened 180 degrees opposite to each other to seat the gasket evenly. The maximum torque shall be as follows:

   Bolt Size (inches)

   Applied Torque (ft-lbs)

   _

   50

   3/4

   80

   1

   90

   1-¼

   110

   b. All bolts and nuts shall be heavily coated with an approved bituminous coating.

   4. Flanged Joints:

   a. Use hexagon head nuts and bolts on all flanged joints. Bolts shall project not more than 1/4-inch from nor fall short of the end of the nut.

   b. Use 1/8-inch rubber full-faced gaskets unless otherwise approved by ENGINEER. Gaskets shall be suitable for service intended in accordance with manufacturers ratings and instructions.

   c. Clean and lubricate bolt threads and gasket faces.

   E. Restraints, Supports and Thrust Blocks:

   1. Install restrained joints as shown, specified, required, and as recommended by manufacturer.

   2. Provide concrete and steel, collars, thrust blocks and cradles as shown or otherwise approved by ENGINEER.

   F. Transitions from One Type of Pipe to Another:

   1. Provide all necessary adapters, specials and connnection pieces required when connecting different types and sizes of pipe or when connecting pipe made by different manufacturers.

   2. Encase all such connecting joints with 6 inches minimum of Class "B" concrete unless otherwise shown, specified or recommended by manufacturer.

   G. Closures:

   1. Provide all closure pieces shown or required to complete the Work.

   2. Locate closures in straight runs of pipe.

   H. Backfilling:

   1. Conform to applicable requirements of the Division 2 Specifications.

   2. Backfill by hand and use pneumatic tamping until pipe is covered by at least one foot of fill.

   I. Concrete Pipe: Supplementary Requirements:

   1. Conform to Paragraph 3.01.B above, unless otherwise specified and in accordance with applicable recommendations of the following:

   a. AWWA Manual M9.

   b. Concrete Pipe Handbook.

   2. Joints: Joints shall be made so that alignment and slope are in accordance with the Drawings. Joints shall be inspected and approved by the ENGINEER before backfilling. Before joints are backfilled, all pipe joints shall be diapered and grouted. All exposed steel flanges, bolts and nuts shall be protected with a double coating of bitumastic material.

   3. Thrust Restraints: During the field installation of the concrete pipe, under conditions which are unfavorable to the use of thrust blocks, joints shall be restrained wherever required to provide thrust restraint. The joints shall be designed to transmit an axial thrust equal to the pipeline test pressure. Layout drawings, schedules, and design evaluations shall be submitted for approval by the ENGINEER.

   J. Plastic Piping: Supplementary Requirements.

   1. Conform to Paragraph 3.01.B above unless otherwise specified below.

   2. Join several lengths of pipe above ground and then lower into trench. Follow manufacturer recommendations for jointing.

   3. Snake line in trench from side to side to compensate for thermal expansion.

   4. Test pipe before backfilling at operating temperature and pressure.

   5. Backfill with materials free of rocks or other sharp objects to an elevation a minimum of 8 inches from pipe top surface.

   6. Conform to requirements of ASTM D 2774.

   7. Place underground warning tape in pipe trench as specified in 2.01.B.2.

   K. Copper Tubing: Supplementary Requirements.

   1. Trench bottom shall be tamped to line and grade. Remove all sharp stones and rocks in trench bottom; replace and tamp with clean earth.

   2. For long lines use annealed temper to permit long runs with a minimum of joints. Snake piping to absorb line expansion.

   3. Use proper jointing methods as recommended by the Copper Development Association Inc., Copper Brass Bronze Product Handbook, to prevent joint corrosion.

   4. Backfill with 12 inches of tamped, clean earth free from stones, cinders, or other materials which could cause damage or corrosion to piping. Above this elevation use approved fill and compaction specified elsewhere.

   3.02 Work Affecting Existing Piping

   A. Location of Existing Piping:

   1. Locations of existing piping shown should be considered approximate.

   2. CONTRACTOR is responsible for determining exact location of existing piping to which he must make connections, or which he may disturb during earth moving operations, or which may be affected by his work in anyway.

   3. Conform to applicable requirements of Section 01045, Cutting and Patching.

   B. Work on Existing Pipelines:

   1. Cut pipes as shown or required with machines specifically designed for this work.

   2. Install temporary plugs to keep out all mud, dirt, water and debris.

   3. Provide all necessary adapters, fittings, pipe and appurtenances required.

   3.03 Testing of Piping

   A. General:

   1. Test all piping as specified below except as otherwise authorized by ENGINEER.

   2. Notify ENGINEER 48 hours in advance of testing.

   3. Provide all testing apparatus, including pumps, hoses, gages, and fittings.

   4. Pipelines shall hold the specified test pressure for a period of 2 hours.

   5. Pipelines which fail to hold specified test pressure or which exceed the allowable leakage rate shall be repaired and retested.

   6. Test pressures required are at the lowest elevation of the pipeline section being tested unless otherwise specified.

   7. Unless otherwise approved, conduct all tests in the presence of the ENGINEER.

   B. Schedule of Pipeline Tests:

   1. For pressure test values see "Piping Schedules".

   2. Piping not in schedule shall be tested at 10 psi greater than its maximum operating pressure.

   C. Pressure Test Procedure:

   1. Backfill and compaction shall be completed at least to the pipe centerline or as required for proper thrust restraint before testing, unless otherwise required or approved by ENGINEER. Backfill and compact around all blocking before testing and as required to assure restraint by harnessed joints.

   2. Allow concrete for blocking to reach design strength before testing.

   3. Fill section to be tested slowly with water and expel all air. Install corporation cocks, if necessary, to remove all air.

   4. Test only one section of pipe at a time.

   D. Leakage Testing:

   1. Maintain test pressure constantly for a 2 hour period and accurately measure the amount of water which must be added to maintain the test pressure.

   2. Allowable Leakage Rates (in gallons per hour per 1,000 feet per inch diameter):

   a. Ductile-Iron Pipe: 0.1

   b. Concrete: 1.0

   c. Copper and Plastic: No leakage.

   E. Infiltration Testing:

   1. Where ground water exists at least 4 feet higher than top of pipe, sewage and drain piping may be leakage tested by measuring infiltration, in lieu of pressure testing.

   2. Sections of piping to be tested shall not exceed 1000 feet.

   3. CONTRACTOR shall install a calibrated weir at lower end of section and measure leakage for a minimum of 4 hours. Provide bulkhead at upper end of pipe section. Leakage shall not exceed 1 gallon per hour per 1,000 feet per inch of diameter.

   3.04 Cleaning and Disinfection

   A. All piping shall be thoroughly cleaned and flushed in a manner approved by ENGINEER prior to placing in service. Piping 24 inches diameter and larger shall be inspected from inside and all debris, dirt and foreign matter removed.

   B. Disinfection:

   1. Disinfect all water mains, filtered water and other potable water piping.

   2. Flush piping prior to disinfection with water at a minimum velocity of 2-1/2 feet per second.

   3. Conform to procedures described in AWWA C651 unless otherwise approved by ENGINEER.

   4. Water for flushing, testing and chlorination shall be furnished and paid for by the CONTRACTOR.

   5. Chlorine will be supplied by CONTRACTOR.

   6. Bacteriologic tests will be performed by OWNER.

   7. Chlorine concentration in the water entering the piping shall be between 50 and 100 parts per million, such that a minimum residual concentration of 25 mg/l will be left after a 24-hour retention period. The operation shall be repeated as necessary to provide complete disinfection.

   3.05 Pipe Abbreviations

   The following abbreviations are used in the piping schedule.

   A. Material Abbreviations

   Ductile Iron DI

   Copper C

   Stainless Steel SS

   Polyvinyl Chloride PVC

   Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride CPVC

   Reinforced Concrete Pipe RCP

   B. Joint Abbreviations

   Bell and Spigot BS

   Flanged F

   Mechanical Joint MJ

   Push On PO

   Restrained Joint Rest. Jt.

   Solvent Welded SW

   Soldered Sd

   Screwed Fitting S

   Groove or Shouldered End Couplings GSEC

    * * END OF SECTION * *