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Soil Nails
Soil nails technology is a
method of reinforcing existing soil by installing threaded
steel bars into slopes or cuts as construction proceeds from
top down. Grouted bars
are installed to create a stable mass of soil, first step in building a
solid soil nail wall.
The process
creates a single block of earth able
to hold-back its overburden. Soil nails
are an economical means of creating shoring systems or
retaining wall. Often, nails are less disruptive
than other means of constructing a retaining wall.
Soil nails not only work in tension,
but also bending and shearing forces. Generally, this
process increases bonding strength of media
through its ability to carry tensile loads. A constructed
face is usually required over bars, typically made of shotcrete
as a face cover,
which is reinforced using woven mesh over steel plates.
A permanent wall is usually built with a cast-in-place face over
the nails.
Soil Nails Advantages:
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Used
to follow ground curves.
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Equipment is portable, fits in
tight
spaces.
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The technique is flexible,
easily
modified.
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Creates less noise and traffic
obstructions.
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Less impact on nearby properties.
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Requires
minimum
space.
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Nail Installation Sequence
The stabilization requires drilling through active zone into
ground's passive zone.
1. A five foot cut is made to begin the initial level of
nails.
2. Holes drilled into cut bank on about five foot centers.
3. Threaded bars with centralizes (nails) placed in holes.
4. Threaded bars grouted from bottom up.
5. Wire attached to rebar which is installed over
the wall's nails.
6. First coating of shotcrete applied to cover protruding
threaded bar (nail).
7. Plates, washers, nuts positioned on nails then
locked down.
8. Second coat of shotcrete applied over soil nail and plates.
9. Repeat steps 1 through 8 for every lift of soil nail.
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